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Final solution Holocaust

2 Holocausts

People in power put in jail those who question the Holocaust in Europe. In the country of the First Amendment they don’t jail them, but it happened that President Bush deported a Holocaust denier to Europe to let the authorities jail him there!

The Holocaust is a topic that is not usually touched upon in American white nationalist forums either. Unlike the position of Greg Johnson, who believes that the subject should be abandoned—and I refer to what he discussed years ago with Hadding Scott on The Occidental Observer—, I think that the subject of the Holocaust is paramount for the Aryan to reclaim his mental health. It is a very thorny issue and no wonder no one on the racial right wants to address the very core, the ethical part. (The articles Ron Unz publishes on his webzine about the Holocaust and get thousands of hits, and hundreds of comments, fail to address the ethical issue.) So let’s try to address it from my POV, ‘Eliminate all unnecessary suffering’.

First of all, for Hitler’s willing executioners the suffering the Holocaust caused wasn’t unnecessary but necessary. When I was a new-born, one of them even tried to justify himself with these words to those who had any moral qualms:

Menschenkinder, verflucht noch mal eine Generation muss dies halt durchstehen, damit es unsere Kinder besser haben! (Damn it!: A generation has to go through this so that our children will fare better.) [1]

Against Hollywood and even Russian film propaganda (see for example this scene from the Russian movie Come and See where some Belorussian Jews were holocausted in their own village), when one begins to familiarise oneself with the historical literature one is struck by how difficult it was, psychologically, for many Germans to commit genocides. Himmler himself lowered his eyes when he witnessed one of the typical open-air machine-gunning massacres: one of those that so often occurred in the conquered territories. (Much of what is called the Holocaust occurred in the open, relatively far from the villages so as not to frighten the locals.)

Given the awfulness of the work that the killing entailed, Himmler loved the idea of setting up group therapy sessions for his executioners: sessions that were filled as much as possible with a homey atmosphere, food and music, though no alcohol; and some men were relieved of the uglier tasks of killing men, women and children so that, as one diary keeper wrote, ‘they could retain their humanity’.

But the central issue is: If the Jews are not the sole cause of Aryan decline, which is my view, how can the Holocaust be justified?

Believe it or not, there came to be some executioners who were neither monocausalists nor ‘bicausalists A’, but approached ‘bicausalism B’ (see my post of the day before yesterday). On September 17, 1941 the Einsatzgruppe, already overwhelmed by the intensity of its genocidal task, suggested that the extermination of the Jews would not solve all the problems:

Even if it were possible to eliminate 100% of the Jews, we would not eliminate the fundamental danger. The Bolshevik work is carried out by Jews, Russians, Georgians, Armenians, Poles, Latvians, and Ukrainians; the Bolshevik apparatus does not coincide completely with the Jewish population. Under such conditions, we would not achieve the goal of political security if we substituted the main task of destroying the Communist machine for the relatively easy task of eliminating the Jews.[2]

The sticky post on this site links to an article that recommends reading the book that recounts the astronomical genocidal atrocities—a true Holocaust—that the Allies committed on the German people even after 1945: something that Westerners are unaware of because the ubiquitous anti-Aryan propaganda only mentions one of the two holocausts. On the other hand, for the Holocaust deniers, the Jewish Holocaust is a hoax, something that didn’t happen: a myth created by the Jews. But what should we do when a Gentile that allegedly witnessed the Holocaust confronts us with his memories?

Few know that a few hundred British prisoners of war were sent to Auschwitz. One of them was Arthur Dodd. I dare not say that Dodd is to be believed in everything he tells, for at times his story sounds like something out of a Hollywood movie script. But neither can we say that what Dodd tells is a Jewish tale, since ethnically he was English. As the Russians approached Auschwitz Dodd recounts that, in desperation, the guards committed a real atrocity:

SS guards were shouting and whipping a number of Jews who were being forced to throw the carcasses of dozens of their dead comrades into a bonfire. The ground on which the fire was built had been hollowed out and so the bodies and materials were being thrown down to the flames.

Suddenly, Arthur was horrified to see small children being brought into the yard. He felt the bile rise in his throat as the children were kicked and booted into the fire… Arthur staggered back to his hut, the screams of the children still ringing in his ears.[3]

Later Michael Evans, the author of the The Times article, writes: ‘Auschwitz is still the first thing he thinks of every morning’.

I clipped this newspaper story when I lived in Manchester. What to make of these memoirs? The most straightforward answer is that, if Arthur Dodd’s account is true, the mainstream media will never mention the equivalent cases of the other Holocaust, the one the Allies committed that year and up to 1947. (Recall, for example, Tom Goodrich’s account in his book of how the Soviets themselves crucified German babies—literally crucified them—in a Prussian village as their Red Army advanced. )

All this horror, on both sides, could have been avoided if Churchill hadn’t declared war on Hitler, since the latter’s original plan implied non-genocidal Jewish deportation to Madagascar, which could have happened if WW2 hadn’t been declared. Pat Buchanan says this in his book Churchill, Hitler, and the Unnecessary War: How Britain Lost Its Empire and the West Lost the World.

I am pleased that, in times much more recent than the publication of the Buchanan book, Tucker Carlson has invited a revisionist who sees in Churchill, not Hitler, the real villain of our movie, the West’s darkest hour with its millions of migrants to bastardize the Aryan race. But for our ideology to become more rhetorical for the normie’s Overton window, rather than denying the Jewish Holocaust I think it is more astute the path chosen by Goodrich: to talk about the other Holocaust, the Holocaust that almost nobody talks about.

 
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[1] Ulm court case against Bernhard Fischer-Schweder, August 29, 1958, Ks 2/57.

[2] RSHA IV-A-1, Report on Operations in the USSR, No. 86, NO-3151.

[3] Michael Evans: ‘An Englishman at Auschwitz’, The Times, 2 November 1998.

Categories
Quotable quotes

Against

his time

‘No man can struggle against the spirit of his age and country’.

—Alexis de Tocqueville

Categories
3-eyed crow Solitude

Map

Or:

Why this site receives hardly any comments from racialists

 
Why the silence among the commenters that Benjamin recently complained about?

Looking through the books I read years ago, I see things I already knew but didn’t dare to write about in this public forum out of respect for Hitler and his people. It all has to do with the metaphor I chose for the featured post, ‘The Wall’.

Despite being separated by a Wall, the white nationalists of this century and the National Socialists of the past are very close to each other. The Wall represents either accepting the necessity of genocide/extermination of the racial enemy—pre- and post-Christian ethics (north of the Wall)—or refusing to accept it (Christian ethics, south of the Wall).

If I were merely on the north side of the Wall but close to it, I could get along perfectly with, say, those who comment on Alex Linder’s forum or some of today’s few neonazi exterminationists.

But this is not the case…

I am so far north of the Wall that not even an eagle flying high above the Wall could spot me from its field of vision. I mean that both the National Socialists of the last century, and the white nationalists of the present, regard Jewish subversion as the primary cause of Aryan decline. And I don’t.

I have been very critical of the American racial right for its ‘monocausalism’ but, as I said, I hadn’t dared to confess why I was so separated, geographically, from the classical National Socialists. Perhaps one might get a quick idea of what I mean if we see that Hitler was closer to the Christian Wagner than to the anti-Christian Nietzsche, and I am closer to Nietzsche than to Wagner.

Like Nietzsche, I believe that Christianity and its bastard son (atheistic liberalism) is the primary cause of Aryan decline, not our racial enemies, the Jews. It is precisely Christian ethics, and this already breaks even with Nietzsche’s philo-Semitic stance, that prevents the Aryan from settling accounts with his historical enemies.

From this angle I wouldn’t be a Nietzschean, but a sort of neo-Nietzschean Hitlerite. But neither did Hitler and his ilk know that Christianity was the primary cause of Aryan decline. Most Nazis were monocausalists. Few were type A bicausalists. I, on the other hand, am a type B bicausalist (see this post from a dozen years ago).

Let’s give a few examples, but first let’s be clear that some of the top Hitlerites were aware of the Christian Question. Himmler for example said:

I have the conviction that the Roman emperors, who exterminated [ausrotteten] the first Christians, did precisely what we are doing with the communists. These Christians were at the time the vilest scum… [1]

But unlike me, Himmler was an A bicausalist:

The war we are waging is chiefly and essentially a race war. It is first and foremost a war against the Jew… [2]

And the same could be said of Hitler himself:

[The Jews were] the enzyme of decomposition (Ferment der Dekomposition).

And this, even though in Mein Kampf Hitler claimed that the North Americans held power on the continent, and not the Latin Americans, because the former hadn’t corrupted their blood by marrying Indian women. But in that passage of Mein Kampf Hitler omitted to blame Christian ethics for miscegenation in Latin America, since the Spaniards and Portuguese had admitted mixed marriages since the 16th century. As I have said elsewhere, Hitler couldn’t blame Christian ethics because it would have been political suicide in a Catholic/Protestant Germany. He also said, to his adjutants three days after the Wannsee Conference:

It is the Jew who prevents everything.

I am convinced that the internalised Christian ethics, as a result of an ogre of the super-ego in the Aryan collective unconscious (see my previous post), is what prevents everything. But as I just said, for political reasons Hitler could not speak openly as a bicausalist B, even though there are more critical phrases in Hitler’s Table Talk of Christianity than of Judaism.

The point is: since I am not a politician of my time, like Hitler, but a ‘man against my time’, in solitude I can afford to analyse the Aryan psyche to its ultimate consequences, to the extent that I go further and farther north where only very few will dare to follow me.

That is why this site receives hardly any comments from racialists. Although most are on the south side of the Wall, and only a few have crossed it, no one wants to migrate farther and farther north until they find the raven’s cave.

Even in racism it is much easier not to break with the accepted wisdom than to follow the raven’s lead.
 

______________

[1] P. Padfield, Himmler (NY: Henry Holt, 1990), page 334.

[2] He said this on 21 June 1944 to top military and SS leaders in Sonthofen.

Categories
Holocaust

The Id

My arrival in a raggedy town whose name I don’t even want to mention has made me question many things, and has affected the routine of entries I had on this site: not just Deschner’s books.

I have never before, for example, had the experience of not feeling the slightest physical attraction to a single woman I see on the streets—not one! This is due to the ethnic component of the people who live here: something that didn’t happen to me in the country’s capital where one or the other, although rare, was attractive. It is obvious that it was a gigantic mistake to come to this town and that I will return to my hometown as soon as the one-year contract I signed with the house’s owner is over (besides, moving my furniture is far more expensive than I imagined!).

If all goes well with my plans, I will see two of the commenters on this site this year. The three of us are depressed by the lack of joint action: it is impossible to keep our spirits up without seeing our comrades daily. Today, for example, I was watching scenes from the latest film version of The Wannsee Conference, and we could already imagine how impossible it would be to have a single minute of depression with such historic action! But before the dollar collapses my purchasing power to move freely is nil. Only an exponentially hyper-inflated dollar would lift me out of poverty. Thanks, Trump, for pricking the credit bubble! May your house of cards come crashing down quickly…!

I said in my previous post that I have suspended Deschner’s book series. As far as David Irving’s book on Himmler is concerned, I don’t know if I will resume the selected quotes. I suspect that Irving suffered a stroke because, since his family notified his fans of his collapse by email early last year, David hasn’t communicated again on his website (others are running his site).

True Himmler (excerpts here) is a book for the fan of the Reichsführer who wants to know about his childhood and adolescent life. But this first volume doesn’t mention what we all wanted to know: the role Himmler played in the so-called holocaust, written by a pen sympathetic to the German regime, Irving’s. Conveniently, David fell ill before he finished his second volume on Himmler, so we only have Irving’s DVD on the Reichsführer in which he does touch, briefly, on the subject of the so-called holocaust.

So if I want to dig deeper, I have no choice but to consult normie treatises, even Jewish ones like Raul Hilberg’s seminal treatise, which I have been reading in a Spanish hardback translation.

In my library I have other books that Jews and Gentiles have written about the holocaust, such as those by Laurence Rees, Ron Rosenbaum and even Daniel Goldhagen. Although I have read them, they are all propaganda of the purest Manichaeism incapable of mentioning a syllable about the Hellstorm Holocaust that the Allies perpetrated on the German people, women and children included. But as far as I have read, Hilberg’s treatise has impressed me: unlike the others he makes no value judgements; he just uses tons of references and bibliographical notes, over 1455 pages, to support the facts he discusses. His treatise seems to be purely descriptive.

One of the reasons I bought this expensive book is because I am interested in the mentality of the exterminationist (it’s like mine…). This is true even though Hilberg knew nothing of the Jewish problem; for example, what Eduardo Velasco recounts in his essay on Judea and Rome, especially the suspicion that many Christians were subversive Semites who hated the Greco-Roman civilisation.

Real history is much more complex, nuanced and disturbing than the Manichean views we see both in normie authors such as the aforementioned Hitler haters, and in some racialist quarters where all the research in books such as Hilberg’s is simply dismissed as one hundred per cent mythical.

A more mature way to approach treatises like Hilberg’s is to see it from the perspective of one who has transvalued his values, like those who sat around the table at the Wannsee Conference. With this attitude you only inquire into the veracity of the bare facts, and if genocides of men, women and children occurred, you accept the historical facts without condemning Hitler’s willing executioners.

That has been the traditional attitude of contemporary Muslims in dealing with Islam’s incredibly bloody conquest of India, and also the attitude of present-day Mongols who continue to honour the memory of Genghis Khan (it is also the attitude of Jews regarding the genocide of the Palestinians). If we recall what I said in my essay on Augustine and tutti quanti about the ‘ogre of the superego’ that the Aryan of the Christian Era suffers, we will see that in the collective unconscious it would have to be balanced with its counterpart, the Id, if whites are to be saved from self-destruction.

Categories
Kriminalgeschichte des Christentums (books)

Christianity’s

Criminal History, 200

For the context of these translations click here.
PDFs of entries 1-183 (several of Karlheinz Deschner’s
books abridged into two) can be read here and here.

 

In entries 184-199, I conducted an experiment: translating the entire contents of Deschner’s chapter without abbreviation. The result was incredibly boring. Obviously, the correct way to approach those ten volumes was to translate only the essentials, which appear above linked to two PDFs, and leave the text unabridged for the very learned.

So I’ll discontinue this series.

Categories
Autobiography

‘Giants’

Finally, I decided to title my essay ‘Augustine and other influential “giants” of the Christian Era’, which was published on this site from 30 March to 7 this month. Yesterday and today I edited it, and its PDF version can be read here. It is an important essay because it begins to give an idea of the literary genre I want to inaugurate with my trilogy.

My output as a writer is divided into two: books written in my mother tongue and what I post on The West’s Darkest Hour. The importance of essays like this is that, at last, it begins to become apparent why subjects as seemingly dissimilar as self-knowledge and white decline are connected.

To see the connection it is essential to put out of our minds the inane autobiographies that appear on the market for mass consumption—prolefeed for the proles—such as those written by film stars for example, and realise that we are talking about something astronomically different.

Knowing oneself, in the sense of the Delphic Oracle’s commandment (how different from the Judeo-Christian commandment to honour one’s parents!), is vital to save the Aryan from the process of self-destruction he is undergoing.

Categories
Autobiography

Halcyonic

Recently, I have had to make intensive use of my mobile phone against my will because I need to use the said device for banking operations. Having prostituted my soul in such a way; having to use hours of my time to familiarise myself with the wretched ‘applications’ of the phone, leads me to say a few things.

One of my sponsors is correct, at least in part, to blame technology for Aryan decline. I became aware of this a few years ago when, far from the cities and their mundane noise, I had a moment of halcyonic rapport in the countryside, touching a tree.

The communion with nature made me realise what an incredible level of degradation it is to live in a metropolis, or even a modern town (recently I was complaining about the noise of the air conditioner in the village where I live). I even plan to unplug the refrigerator so as not to listen to the damn engine while meditating, and to get into the habit of buying my groceries daily so that I don’t need to refrigerate food.

Categories
Currency crash

Macleod

Alasdair Macleod makes an assessment regarding the consequences of Trump’s tariffs. He also discusses the future of gold.

Categories
Psychology So-called saints

Augustine, 6

BOOK IX: With his mother and friends he returns to his native Africa

‘…where I had offered you as a sacrifice, my old self’ Augustine writes in this chapter. He didn’t realise that his ‘new self’ was what psychologists today would call the false self: his relationship with his god, to whom he speaks in the second person singular, was a maternal introject—not his true self! But now imbued with his false self, the absorbing mother within him, he writes: ‘My heart was fire’ and ‘now I was disgusted by those who rebel against the Scriptures’: a preamble to the destruction of the works of Celsus and Porphyry ordered by Emperor Theodosius II.

After his ‘conversion’ Augustine wrote to Ambrose and signed up to be baptised, so he, his mother and Alypius, who would also convert to the cult of the Galileans (Emperor Julian’s term), returned to Milan.

We also brought Adeodatus, my natural son, born of sin. You had gifted him well. He was barely fifteen years old… His intelligence left me speechless.

A little later, Augustine devotes some interesting pages to how his grandparents had educated his mother, and how they had turned her into a puritan: through mistreatment. I was especially struck by these words, which are understandable if we imagine the African heat, where the family grew up: ‘Apart from the hours when they ate soberly with her parents, she wasn’t allowed to drink even water, even if she burned with thirst’. But I find it very strange that in his book Augustine didn’t tell anecdotes about his siblings. What did he want to hide from us? What we do know is that his mother had fulfilled her mission:

She said to me: ‘My son, as far as I am concerned, I no longer find pleasure in this life… There was only one reason why I wanted to stay a little longer in this life. I wanted to see you as a Catholic Christian before I died. My God has fulfilled this desire even more fully than I wished. I see you his servant, who despises the happiness of the earth. What am I doing here?’

I don’t remember my answer well. What I do remember is that, barely five days later—not many more—she fell into bed with fevers… At fifty-six years of age and thirty-three years of mine, that pious and holy woman was released from her body.

It is very significant for those of us who research mental disorders to read, a couple of pages later, a retrospective recollection when her mother was still alive:

And she also reminded me with emotional affection that she had never heard a harsh word or insult against her come out of my mouth.

But he would take out his pent-up rage with his theological pessimism, so opposite to that of Pelagius. The following year Adeodatus died (had the great doctor of the Church treated his son well?) and the narrative part of his Confessions ends. The rest of the next four chapters are mere homilies for new converts.

If we ignore them (books X to XIII of his Confessions), it seems very significant that Augustine ended his book with this great account of his mother. As my father told me, ‘Faith is suckled’. And as Monica told her son: ‘Where I was’, in her dream of the rule, ‘there you were’. The rest—the coming theology of Augustine—followed from there.

No wonder that the year Augustine died, 430 c.e., was the year in which the Dark Ages began. When I see the astronomical damage done to the white man by the Imperial Church, that Church of which Augustine was its great architect, I increasingly admire Nietzsche’s The Antichrist. Unlike Cervantes, Goethe, Dante, Shakespeare and Augustine himself, the German philosopher was a ‘man against his time’, a poet against the Christian Age. Now, thanks to new ways of refuting Christianity besides Nietzsche’s—Richard Carrier’s mythicism and the autobiographical genre I want to inaugurate (which precisely shows that faith is indeed a programme installed in us by our parents)—, the mental virus for the white man implanted by deranged theologians could, potentially, cease to infect us.

Giovanni di Balduccio, Tomb of St Augustine in Pavia, Italy.

Categories
Autobiography Sex So-called saints

Augustine, 5

I read the Confessions almost a quarter of a century ago during a two-week voyage on a cargo ship bound for Europe. It was a time when I wanted to find an Englishwoman to marry. It is worth noting what I wrote then in the Atlantic Ocean:

2 October 1991

I’ve been dreading staying goof off: finishing the two books I have halfway through the trip.

I need to reconcile myself with Augustine and New Spain (Paz’s book). That would be, indirectly, a reconciliation with dad, since he is both.

 

BOOK VII: He begins to read the epistles of St Paul

Augustine begins this chapter by saying that he no longer conceived of the deity in the form of a human body, and then goes on to say something which again shows that all this talk of his later conversion is false, since he was already, in his youthful way, a good Christian:

My heart adhered firmly to the faith in your Christ… My soul was not willing to abandon it; rather every day it was more and more steeped in it.

And four pages ahead:

My faith believed also in Christ, our Son and Lord… These beliefs were already intact and firmly rooted in my soul.

It is not surprising that at this point Augustine’s extreme theological rationalisations had already begun. First he dispatches the problem of evil, and then he reconciles the irreconcilable: the Torah with Paul.

It was with great eagerness that I picked up the venerable Scriptures inspired by your Spirit, particularly those of your apostle Paul.

As I said in the first entry, Augustine was a man of his time. He followed, to its ultimate consequences, the misguided steps of the Caucasoid Christians of his time: something that speaks volumes about imperial Rome in the 4th century.

The next chapter is the most famous of his Confessions. The whole book shows how dead the Aryan soul was then, as it is dead now. If it hadn’t been dead it would have prevented the Judeo-Christian flourishing. Already in this chapter Augustine uses so many metaphors taken from the Bible that a reader unfamiliar with it would find himself without understanding much.

To understand the next chapter we have to imagine Augustine in a terrible struggle with himself à la Gollum in The Lord of the Rings: a titanic struggle in which the maternal introjects won out (remember Nietzsche’s aphorism: ‘Christianity gave Eros poison to drink. He didn’t die but degenerated into a vice’).
 

BOOK VIII: ‘Conversion’ in the garden of his house

I will now tell how you freed me from the bonds of my carnal desires.

Augustine recounts how an African named Ponticianus saw Paul’s epistles on Augustine’s desk and began to speak about Antony, the Egyptian monk. Remember the passage in Deschner’s book about this monk:

Athanasius did not just adorn his Vita Antonii (St Anthony or Antony was a monk who played an important role in the conversion of Augustine; was the archetype of the lives of Greek and Latin saints, and for centuries inspired the monastic life of the East and the West) with increasingly crazy miracles, but he also falsified documents in the worst of styles.

When Ponticianus left, Augustine rationalised this visit of the African as follows: ‘You brought me once more face to face with myself, forcing me to look myself in the eye so that I might see my iniquity and abhor it’. He was already thirty-two years old and, comparing his erotic conduct with that of the Egyptian monk, he confessed:

In my inner house a great strife was being waged… I turned to Alypius saying loudly: ‘We, on the other hand, wallow in flesh and blood’.

He, stunned, stared at me in silence…

The house where we were staying had a small garden. So I withdrew to the garden and Alypius followed in my footsteps.

Augustine realised that ‘there are, therefore, two wills in us’. In psychoanalytic language, we could say that it was a struggle between the super-ego instilled by his mother (Thou shalt not fornicate, etc.) and his natural call to Eros, which in the pagan world wasn’t that sinful. ‘As I was deliberating whether to consecrate myself to the service of the Lord…’ That is, feeling the call to follow in the footsteps of a monk would mean no marriage, a life condemned to celibacy.

And from this moment it would no longer be licit for me to do this or that? What was it, my God, that I was suggesting with those words ‘this and that’? What sordid things! What indecencies!

But Augustine doesn’t get graphic. He fails to confess what exactly it was. Let us remember that he had already said: ‘To love and be loved was the sweetest thing for me, especially if I got to enjoy the beloved´s body…’ Gollum continues:

Do you intend to live without these things?… ‘Shut your ears to the filthy whisperings of your members, and you will be mortified. They speak to you of delights, but not according to the law of the Lord your God’.

This struggle within my heart was nothing other than the struggle of myself against myself. Alypius was still beside me, silently awaiting the outcome of this new agitation in me.

I got up and he stood stunned in the place where we were sitting. I threw myself, as best I could, under a fig tree and gave free rein to the tears, which flowed like two rivers from my eyes, an acceptable sacrifice to you, Lord.

The Conversion of St Augustine by Fra Angelico.

I hurriedly retraced my steps to the place where Alypius was sitting, for I had left the book of the Epistles of St Paul when I got up from there. I picked it up, opened it, and silently read the first passage that fell before my eyes. It said: No gluttony and drunkenness; no lust and wantonness; no rivalry and envy. Rather put on the Lord Jesus Christ and do not concern yourself with the flesh to gratify its lusts.

I didn’t want to read any more, nor was it necessary. In an instant—no sooner had I finished reading the sentence—all the darkness of my doubts vanished, as if a light of assurance had taken possession of my heart.

Then we went to see my mother.

We told her everything, with great joy on her part. And as we told her the story of what had happened, she, jubilant and leaping for joy, blessed and glorified you… For she saw that you had granted her much more than she used to ask of you with her tearful and pitiful moans. In such a way you converted me to you that I no longer desired a wife nor harboured any hope in this world. I was firm in that rule of faith which many years before you had shown her that I would embrace. It was thus that you turned her weeping into joy [Ps 30:11], far more fulfilled than she had wished. A sweeter and more chaste joy than she had expected to find in the grandchildren born of my flesh.

In Augustine’s mind, the inversion of Greco-Roman values was now complete.